If seen from a distance, a wind turbine, where the giant rotating fan usually looks like an ordinary fan structure, in fact, the practical engineering in it makes it one of the most environmentally friendly inventions in history. Its long stature, which is generally not seen in more than three numbers, whose main purpose is to convert the power of the slow and strong winds blowing on this planet into electrical power so that a clean and sustainable electricity can be obtained. But everyone knows all this today. 

"It is important for us to understand how it is possible to obtain sustainable electricity from a wind-powered turbine and what are the factors behind it?"

It is worth mentioning that every wind turbine consists of wings, commonly known as blades. These blades are specially designed using aerodynamic techniques and composite materials are used in their manufacture to keep the weight of the blades as light as possible. 

These blades can move even due to light air pressure. When the air flows over the surface of these blades, a certain difference in pressure is created between the upper and lower surfaces, which lifts the wings upwards and thus the process of rotation of the blades of the wind turbine begins. The central part of these blades is connected to a central part of the rotor, which we clearly see in the vast plains and in the turbines installed at sea level.

This is enough about the front part of the wind turbine, which is not only quite attractive but also interesting. Now we talk about the rear part of the turbine, which is called the nacelle. This part is of particular importance technically. This place, which looks a little long and rectangular from a distance, can accommodate two to four workers working simultaneously in special situations. This part is connected to the blades through a shaft. 

NACELLE

Generally, if seen and understood, without any technique, this shaft is often capable of rotating at fifty to sixty revolutions per minute (RPM) under the influence of wind, which is insufficient to obtain sustainable electricity. Therefore, to make up for this deficiency and make the rotation of the shaft efficient, it is connected to a gearbox, thanks to which the rotational speed of the shaft increases by one hundred and fifty times per minute and enables the rotation of the shaft to generate electricity.

GEARBOX

But this process is not complete here. Here, after the gearbox, comes the turn of a generator. The inverting unit, which aims to convert the mechanical energy of a rotating shaft into electrical energy, consists of magnetic induction. 

As soon as the inverting process is completed, the electrical energy is stored in the power grid or batteries without wasting time through the electrical wires in the wind turbine tower. However, this process of transferring the generated electricity is not that easy. Before transferring the electricity, it is passed through a number of transformers, the purpose of which is to smooth out the uneven charge flowing in the electrical wires.

But the question arises here, is it all that easy and simple? 

This is not known because to maintain the same production process of the wind turbine, it is connected to a special monitoring and control system. This system not only sets the turbine at different angles according to the wind flow, but also has the ability to shut down as a safety measure in the event of a dangerous increase in the same flow. 

Here, another technical system performs the most important task, rotating the nacelle completely and rotating the blades in the direction of the wind so that the rotational flow of the blades can be maintained. This technical system is called the yaw mechanism.

Here, other important systems are also performing their responsibilities within the nacelle to ensure the power generation characteristics of the turbine, such as the cooling unit, which aims to keep the continuously working generator and gearbox at the appropriate temperature so as to prevent any working parts from failing, sensors, whose main purpose is to make this power generation process smooth and safe, and the brake system, as we have mentioned in our same article, the main purpose of this system is to completely stop the turbine in any emergency situation.

The most surprising thing here that makes this process extraordinary is the zero use of any fuel during this entire process. Perhaps this is the reason why today this environmentally friendly machine developed by man is being installed on a large scale from the surface of the earth to the surface of the sea, the main purpose of which is to make the process of electricity production environmentally friendly. 

Today, the rapidly changing world of environmental pollution is forcing man to move towards environmentally friendly inventions like wind turbines instead of traditional harmful methods for a better and healthier future. Thank you. 

Written by Syed Murtaza Hassan

Thanks to his innovative thinking, today humans can fly without wings. Consider it a miracle of nature or a necessity of time. A human who once traveled for months on land and sea is now able to travel millions of miles in just a few hours thanks to his innovative thinking and invention.

Thus, most of us must have traveled by plane at least once in our lives, but a related vehicle that is rarely used for riding due to its flight and the nature of its work is called a helicopter. This man-made air machine is called a helicopter. Today, whether it is on the battlefield or in a rescue mission, this small but remarkable invention is considered more powerful and better than any aircraft. 

Despite all these features and advantages, this machine is quite similar to all other air machines due to the use of mechanical engines. Today, helicopters consist of different types of engines that provide power to perform tasks in different weather conditions. In the early years of the helicopter's development, it was equipped with the power of a piston engine. 

These engines worked exactly like the piston engines found in cars, in which the piston moves up and down inside the combustion cylinder, rotating the crankshaft, which is connected to the main rotor in front. These engines are usually installed in light and small helicopters, the main purpose of which is to provide low-level and training flights.

Within a short time, thanks to technological advances, these engines were replaced by turboshaft engines. This engine, in addition to being lighter in weight, works exactly like a jet engine with a few basic changes, creating pressure in the air and burning fuel, which provides power to rotate the turbine connected to the rotor. In addition to being light, these engines provide special help to helicopters in flying at high altitudes, in bad weather and on difficult routes. However, the fuel and maintenance costs of these engines are also quite high. These engines are usually used in combat, defense and rescue helicopters.

Today, due to environmental pollution, while other technologies such as cars and motorcycles, etc. are being made environmentally friendly, helicopters are also part of this environmentally friendly race of innovation, thanks to which today electric-powered helicopters have been developed, in which engines have been replaced by fast-rotating electric motors and batteries. But so far this project has not proven to be very effective. Therefore, these environmentally friendly helicopters are being used for short trips and low-level flights, but this advance in helicopter technology will prove useful in the near future.

When it comes to environmentally friendly helicopters, it is necessary to mention hybrid engines, which are playing an important and sustainable role along with electric helicopters today. These engines are equipped with the ability to generate electricity instead of being directly connected to the rotor of the helicopter, the main purpose of which is to provide power to the electric motor installed in the helicopter, enabling the helicopter to fly long and high.

If we look at it today, this man-made air machine is not only providing the passenger with a different flying experience, but is also playing a fundamental role on many important fronts where we cannot even imagine the use of other flying machines.

"If the helicopter did not exist today, could any other invention replace it?"

Please share your valuable opinions, Thank you.

Written by Syed Murtaza Hassan.

"When the last tree in this world is cut, the last fish is caught and the last river in this world is drying up, perhaps the human being living on this earth will realize that the wealth earned from them cannot be eaten."

In the summer of 2019, Chennai, a famous historical city in India with a population of one crore, faced the worst water crisis in history, the main reason for which was the drying up of its four most important water reservoirs and the consequences of this water shortage were equally serious, such as long queues of citizens waiting for water, a decline in education rates and the closure of many businesses due to the lack of access to clean water, etc.

In the same year, a fire in the western state of California in the United States destroyed many acres of forest land and engulfed many houses in the surrounding areas, due to which many families were made homeless. These various accidental events occurring in different regions of the world indicate that the negative and positive effects of climate change are not limited to one country or Not for the region and also force the world to think that this living planet in the solar system is in dire need of a sustainable solution and action with long-term results so that a better environment can be provided to the living beings living on it in the coming time.

Today, the field of environmental engineering is playing an important role in all this process, which aims to create a perfect harmony between technology, sustainability and natural principles.

Question: What is environmental engineering?

Answer: Today, environmental engineering is considered a special branch in the field of engineering, the main purpose of which is to control environmental pollution with the help of technology, clean energy, construction according to environmental changes, and work on factors such as controlling the negative effects of environmental changes.

Question: What is the importance of environmental engineering?

Answer: Today, environmental engineering is playing an important role in many important areas for the improvement of human survival, some of the important ones are as follows:

• Controlling the water environment and scarcity.
  
  
• Reducing air pollution by controlling most waste materials.
  
  
• Recycling waste from industrial and residential areas.
  
  
• Developing new building structures to cope with climate change

Question: Which countries around the world offer jobs in the relevant sector?

Answer: All countries in the world that are investing a lot in the relevant sector and are most affected by climate change offer the best opportunities. Some of the important countries are as follows:

• United States of America (USA)

• Germany

• Canada

• Australia

• United Arab Emirates (UAE)

• Nordic countries such as Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland.

Question: Which universities around the world offer the most admissions in environmental engineering?

Answer: While many important universities provide world-class education in the relevant field, some of the important universities are as follows:

• Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
  
  
  
• Stanford University, USA
  
  
  
• ETH Zurich, Switzerland
  
  
  
• University of California, Berkeley, USA
  
  
  
• Imperial College London, UK
  
  
  
• National University of Singapore (NUS)
  
  
  
• Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany
  
  
  
• McGill University, Canada
  
  
  
• University of Melbourne, Australia

Question: What other fields of engineering is environmental engineering related to?

Answer: This particular branch of engineering is closely related to other basic and important branches of engineering. Here are some of the important ones:

• Civil Engineering

• Mechanical Engineering

• Chemical Engineering

• Electrical Engineering

• Aerospace and Automotive Engineering

Today, the rapidly changing weather and changes have forced the human race to think that environmental sustainability is not an option but a basic necessity. In order to cope with the many environmental changes taking place in the world today, environmental engineers are leaders in many important areas.

Today, the rapidly changing world imposes a responsibility on us, as humans, to play our part in saving this world. What is your opinion on this?

Do let us know your valuable opinions, thank you.

Written by Syed Murtaza Hassan.

One beautiful evening in London, Alex stood on a busy railway station, waiting for the guests as he have reached before the train arrival also watching the trains arrive and depart with astonishing precision. how each train seemed to pass at a rapid pace, without collisions or delays. Filled with curiosity, Alex asked in surprise:

"How do these huge vehicles move so smoothly and quickly on the same track without collisions?"

This seemingly simple question, but it is illuminating many important questions related to a modern and interesting branch of engineering, signal engineering.

Question: What is signal engineering?

Answer: Signal engineering is a branch of engineering whose main purpose is to play an important role in the development, design and maintenance of signal systems that mainly play an important role in the movement of large vehicles and locomotives of certain types, such as trains and metros, etc.

Question: What are the duties of a signal engineer?

Answer: Thus, the duties of a signal engineer include the preparation and repair of signal systems, in addition to the following are some of the important ones:

• Planning and installation

• Maintaining communication between vehicles and control centers during movement

• Integrating control systems

• Continuous safety monitoring

Question: What is the importance of signal engineering?

Answer: Today, while the use of modern technology has created many conveniences in human life, it has also increased the risks, due to which many accidents are in the headlines of newspapers every day. Signal engineering plays an important role in preventing accidents, which mainly involves the transportation of trains and the prevention of accidents.

Question: In which departments does this branch of engineering play an important role?

Answer: Signal engineering plays a role in the following departments related to transportation:

• Subway and metros
  
  
  
• Railway companies
  
  
  
• Transport construction
  
  
  
• Control and automation companies

Question: Does signal engineering belong to any basic branch of engineering?

Answer: Yes, of course, since signal systems generally consist of sensors, circuits and various electrical devices, this branch of engineering is mainly associated with the field of electrical and electronics engineering in addition to railways -

Question: Which countries provide the most jobs in this field?

Answer: So, every country in the world that provides jobs equipped with railway technology, some of the important ones are as follows:

• China
  
  
• Japan
  
  
• Germany
  
  
• United Kingdom (UK)
  
  
• United States of America (USA)
  
  
• France
  
  
• Middle East

Question: Which universities around the world offer admissions related to signal engineering?

Answer: Due to its affiliation with a specific field, few universities in the world offer admissions in the relevant field, which are as follows:

• UK - University of Birmingham
  
  
• Germany - Technical University of Berlin
  
  
• China - Beijing Jiaotong University
  
  
• Australia - University of Sydney

At the end of our writing, we must say that the credit for the safe transportation of high-speed trains and underground metros in different cities, villages and developing countries goes to none other than this specific and little-known field of engineering.

Do let us know your valuable opinion regarding this specific and little-known field of engineering, thank you.

Written by Syed Murtaza Hassan