ROBOTICS ENGINEERING

The doorbell rang, Roma ran and opened the door, the delivery man was standing there, while Grandma also followed and received the parcel.

SEWING MACHINE

Thus, today, we have new and different designs and different colors of clothes available in every market, mall and shopping center all the time, but have we ever thought about how these clothes are made, what is the history of the machines on which they are sewn? Thus, we have been ignoring the history of some machines. 

For example, 

 "We all knows very well about the invention of blub also about their inventor, but we do not know about the invention of the needle?"

Today we have written the history of such an invention.

Millions of years ago,  First priority was to cover the body, When mankind first set foot on earth. Thus, the first clothes were made of animal skins, which not only protected the human body from various insects but also from weather changes. Then, every passing era and century played an important role in innovating this clothing. Thus, different cultures played an important role in the preparation and design of clothing.

We can proudly say that the clothes that you and I wear today are more comfortable and durable than the clothes of the princes and ministers in the past centuries. The main reason for this is the innovation of science and human thinking, which has been keeping the human mind abreast of innovation with each passing time.

Thus, today, we have new and different designs of different colors in every market, mall and shopping center, but have you ever thought about how these clothes are made? What is the history of the machines we sew on? We have been ignoring the history of some machines. For example, we know very well who invented the light bulb, but we don't know who invented the needle.

Today, it would not be wrong for us to say that the clothes we wear today are more comfortable and durable than the clothes of the nobles and nobles of the past centuries. The main reason for this is the advancement of science and human thought, which has been bringing the human mind closer to innovation with each passing time.

Today, we have brought under our consideration one such invention related to human clothing and its innovative thinking, which may have started with the hand, but today it is playing an important role in the most modern clothing in the world. Yes, sir, we are talking about the sewing machine. Today, this machine is present in almost every home in the world with different designs and functions.

In 1755, German-born inventor Charles Friedrich Wiesenthal, living in England, patented a mechanical sewing device based on needle design with two points and an eye for use. 

THOMAS SAINT SEWING MACHINE

Later, In 1790, English cabinet maker Thomas Saint built upon earlier ideas, creates an mechanism aimed to stitch on tough materials like leather and canvas.

The sewing machine developed by Thomas worked using the chain stitch method, in which a one-sided stitch was sewn with the help of only one thread.

Thus, with Charles's invention in the mid-eighteenth century, the process of innovating it began.

Which continued until the early years of the nineteenth century, in which several important inventors, Thomas Stone, Thomas Anderson, John Duncan and Josef Madersperger, are of particular importance.

In 1829, French tailor Barthelemy Thimonnier introduced a practical sewing machine that become famous due to the widely producing uniforms for France’s military.

Barthelemy Thimonnier Machine

Later, in 1832, American mechanical engineer Walter Hunt innovated on it and developed the world's first lockstitch type machine, which was equipped with all the modern functions and is still in use today due to its design and durability.

WALTER MACHINE

Here we consider it necessary to mention this fact that Walter soon became interested in the machines he invented and sold all such invented machines for a few pennies.

Later, in 1842, Walter's invented machine was improved by introducing the feature of sewing with double-sided pressing to improve the sewing of clothes.

In the early nineteen century, the process of innovating the sewing machine invented by Barthélémy began once again and in the twenty century Continued until the beginning

In 1889, the famous American manufacturing company Singer Sewing Corporation introduced the first electric sewing machine. In its beginning, this machine was connected to an electric motor that rotated the handle with the help of a rubber band.

Later, in view of its popularity, this machine was further improved and moved towards consumer use with the help of various software and computers.

Thus, this journey of inventing and innovating the sewing machine, which began in the eighteenth century, is still ongoing today and is moving towards further innovation. It is said that keeping that invention alive and innovating it with each coming era is more difficult than inventing any useful thing.

We hope that you have found this article of ours interesting. 

What is your opinion about the invention of the sewing machine? 

Be sure to let us know your opinions in the comment box, Thank you.

Written by Syed Murtaza Hassan

BE VS BTECH

"Ramiz, son, get up, it's morning" 

Well, this was the story of every morning. 

Ramiz was the only son of Bashir Sahib's family. Bashir Sahib was afraid of his wife for this reason that his beloved son should not be woken up. 

But today, since the results of the college's annual exams were to come, Bashir Sahib was also the one who took the lead in waking up Ramiz.

He was constantly telling himself to get up. The results must have been announced by now. Thus, Ramiz was a top student in his studies, but today's anxiety was understandable.

Finally, after so many efforts, Ramiz reached the breakfast table where everyone's first question was what to do next?

On which, Grand Pa suggested to his beloved grandson saying, 

"My advice is to take admission in B-Tech in a good university. This engineering degree has a lot of scope these days."

Dear readers, we think Ramiz will continue to receive advice.

Today, we are bringing this topic under our pen and telling you that in this whole story, some mistakes are made by our college students which later cause problems for them.

First question to our dear readers, do you know what is the difference between BE and B.Tech?

Answer: No, let us tell you that apparently these degrees seem to be the same, But there is a clear difference between them.

BE: Bachelors in Engineering is a four-year, eight-semester undergraduate degree program in which students are taught mathematics, engineering principles, machine designs, and basic principles of science on a priority basis. Upon completion of this degree, graduate students are provided with job opportunities in various engineering-related departments in various developed countries of the world (United States, Canada, and Germany, etc.) according to their abilities. In addition, new avenues of education are paved for the student after graduation,

which includes research-related degrees such as ME, MBA, MS, and MTech.

B.Tech: Bachelors in Technology is a four-year, eight-semester undergraduate degree program that provides students with education in the technical and practical aspects of engineering, scientific experiments, and deep industrial expertise. The aim is to provide a job in various developed countries of the world (United States, Canada, United Arab Emirates, and Germany, etc.) in the fields of productivity development, manufacturing, and quality control of the relevant industry after graduation, according to their performance and capabilities.

Generally, both these degrees are related to science and offer similar engineering and technology-related programs, such as

• Mechanical Engineering

• Civil Engineering

• Electrical Engineering

• Electronics and Robotics

Our advice to all college pass out students is that before choosing any department or taking admission in it, do some research about it so that you don't face any problems in future. We hope you liked this short but informative article of ours, thank you.

Written by Syed Murtaza Hassan

CALCULATOR

Centuries ago, which we also call ancient times, when the human mind was convinced that there was no world outside this world and that there was no life on earth beyond land and there was no mention of a thing called science for a long time.

Even in that ancient time, man had a skill, an important means of transaction, business and daily life, a skill that we call the skill of mathematics, which was sometimes collected with the help of stones, bones and sometimes wood.

With the passing of time, it would not be wrong to say that today, mathematics plays an important role in the world that is developing with each passing day, and if we look, the beginning of progress in human life also began with the beginning of an invention related to it.

Today, this invention related to science is playing an important role in our daily life. Yes, We are talking about the calculator.

The world's first calculator was invented in 1623 by a German professor, Wilhelm Schickard.

FIRST COUNTING MECHNAICAL MACHINE

Later, in 1642, an inventor from France, Blaise Pascal, developed the mechanical calculator in an improved and modern form. It is said that Pascal's calculator was capable of adding and subtracting two integers.

By the middle of the eighteenth century, Wilhelm's invention was introduced with many innovations and new forms and capabilities, in which many inventors and mathematicians played an important role, including Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Giovanni Pollini, and Luigi Torchi.

In 1820, the first fully digital mechanical calculator, called the Arithmometer, was developed, which was later introduced for mass production as a fully automatic machine in 1851.

Arithmometer

According to a conservative estimate, about 2,500 arithmometers were successfully sold during the forty-year period from 1890 to 1902. In 1902, an American named Dalton L. James developed the first button-based calculator, known as the Dalton Adding Machine.

DALTON ADDING MACHINE

This series of mechanical calculators like the Arithmometer ended with the development of the Curta calculator and the invention of the electronic computer in the 1970s. The Curta was much smaller and more modern than the Arithmometer mechanical calculators that had been produced so far.

CURTA MECHANICAL CALCULATOR

In 1957, the famous Japanese computer company Casio introduced the world's first electronic calculator called the Model 15-A. This calculator, manufactured by the Casio company, was manufactured using relay and transistor technology instead of electronic bases and consisted of a desk.

CASIO WORLD FIRST ELECTRIC CALCULATOR

Later, it was introduced in different periods with different innovations and models and continues in today's modern era, in which companies established in different countries of the world played an important role.

Today we can say that the invention of the calculator in the 17th century not only played an important role in the innovation of mathematics but also in the scientific world, and it also has the status of a revolution that is playing a special role in every field of life today.

What is your opinion about the invention of the calculator? 

Please let us know your valuable opinions, Thank you.

Written by Syed Murtaza Hassan

VENTILATOR

Breath is the main key to human life, without breath even a healthy person, let alone a sick person, cannot survive.

It is said that there comes a time in life when, especially in a state of illness, another human being or an machine is needed to restore his consciousness.

A few centuries before the modern era, when medical science was not even a name, the wise and the noble individuals used to try their best to restore breathing in such moments in the lives of sick people, using ancient remedies, Which sometimes proved effective and sometimes failed.

With the passage of centuries and eras and the new wave of innovation in human life, in today's modern world, these traditional and ancient remedies have been replaced by medical science, one of the main reasons for which is biomedical engineering, which we have mentioned in our previous article.

Today, the preparation of new and modern devices and machines with the help of biomedical engineering is providing timely treatment of patients and important support to the medical science in life-threatening situations. 

One of the important devices and machines is the ventilator, which not only provides support to doctors in difficult situations, but also plays an important role in saving the patient's life.

In 1937, Australian inventor Edward Both invented the world's first ventilator, Which later became known as the Both respirator.  

The initial model of both ventilator was developed in 1928 by American industrial hygienist Philip Drinker with the help of Louis Agassiz Shaw, a physiology instructor at Harvard University.

The use of this masterpiece of biomedical engineering occurred in the early twentieth century during the first wave of the polio virus epidemic. In its early days, this life-saving machine was called the Iron Lungs, It was a negative-type pressure ventilator, Between 1931 and 1937, Both Both and American inventor John Haven Emerson successfully innovated these ventilators. 

Here, we would like to add to the knowledge of our esteemed readers that two different types of ventilators have been developed in the world of biomedical engineering so far: negative pressure ventilator and positive pressure ventilator.

Although negative pressure ventilators were widely used during the polio outbreak, the use of this technology has almost been eliminated today in the presence of positive pressure ventilators. 

The method of use of these ventilators was completely different from today's modern ventilators.

IRON LUNG NEGATIVE PRESSURE VENTILATOR

In terms of their structure, these ventilators corresponded to a box-shaped chamber that covered the patient up to the chest and it was necessary to move the patient into it for use. This chamber created negative pressure outside the patient's chest to draw air into the lungs.

POSITIVE PRESSURE MODERN VENTILAOR

On the other hand, there are modern positive-type ventilators that transfer air to the lungs through special tubes and masks, whose function is to maintain air pressure while the patient inhales according to different situations. Usually, these ventilators are connected to modern software and screens that provide various types of analytical reports to assist the doctor during the treatment of the patient. 

In 1949, John Haven Emerson, with the help of the Department of Anesthesia at Howard University, developed a mechanical aid for anesthesia, in the preparation of which the bicycle company Stormy Archer from England provided special assistance. 

With the invention of the ventilator in 1937, a series of innovations gained momentum in which different countries, organizations, doctors, scientists and industries have played an important role from time to time and even today this invention of the biomedical industry is playing an important role in the health sector, an important example this is corona virus epidemic in 2019, which gradually engulfed the whole world.

After all of our research and analysis, we will definitely say that this invention is a necessity, So the credit does not go to any one inventor of this invention, but to every scientist, inventor and doctor in the world who understood the need for this invention.

What is your opinion about the ventilator? 

Please let us know about your thought in the comment section, 

Thank you.

Written by Syed Murtaza Hassan

TURBINE STORY

In our previous article, we have discussed the invention and utility of wind turbine in detail to our esteemed readers, but without knowing the practical performance and working principles of the turbine, this example becomes like the English language that can be read and heard but not spoken.

So, let us move on to our main topic. Basically, the word turbine is derived from the Latin word turbo, which means "Vortex" and "Cap".

Here, to increase the knowledge of our esteemed readers, let us tell you that vortex refers to that special state of the flow of water or any liquid in which the flow takes the form of a shell commonly found in the sea, and cap is a special round-shaped rod.

Claude Burdin

In 1822, this name was proposed by Claude Burdin, a mining engineer from France. Later, in 1824, a student of Claude proposed this name in honor of his first water-powered turbine.

In practical terms, turbines are divided into two different types, the first is known as impulse and the second is known as reaction turbine.

IMPULSE TURBINE WORKING PRINCIPLE

Impulse turbines are connected to special types of water or gas nozzles, whose function is to create a special type of pressure in water or gas and with the help of this highly pressurized water or gas, the blades of the turbine are rotated. Impulse turbines are generally used for hydropower power plants or steam power generation.

REACTION TURBINE

On the other hand, reaction turbines work under the principles of Newton's Third Law and perform their work with the natural flow of water or gas without the help of any pressure or nozzles.

Here we will tell our esteemed readers that Newton says in his Third Law that every action has an equal reaction, on the basis of which reaction turbines perform their work. These turbines play an important role in power plants and marine propulsion systems.

Thus, these turbines have been divided into two different types according to the working method, but today's modern turbines in the world are capable of working in both modes simultaneously, depending on the operational conditions and the production demand. The performance of these modern turbines is tested with the help of various scientific formulas, software and simulation programs. Today, there are different types of turbines in the world that are playing a special role in the production demand of heavy industry, such as:

STEAM TURBINE: - Plays an important role in meeting the production demand of electricity in thermal power plants.

STEAM TURBINE

WIND TURBINE: - Plays an important role in meeting the electricity demand in various industries and villages and is known as an environmentally friendly invention in the 10th century.

WIND TURBINE

GAS TURBINE: - In today's modern era, these turbines are widely used in the manufacture of aircraft engines due to their relatively low weight and high power.

GAS TURBINE

WATER TURBINE:- This type of turbine is used to meet the demand for electricity generation in rivers and dams. These turbines are of special importance due to their environmental friendliness.

WATER TURBINE

If you have any more information about turbines and your valuable opinions, please share them in the comment box, Thank you.

Written by Syed Murtaza Hassan